$SPX 666: 15 years later, did the devil win?

We’re not saying Neel Kashkari (current president of the Minneapolis Fed, and former assistant secretary of the Treasury under Hank Paulson) is the devil incarnate or anything like that. But he did play a key role during a devil of a time for the American economy and markets (overseeing TARP in late 2008) – and looking back 15 years to the day – one can’t help but wonder exactly whose hand might have been at work when the post-GFC S&P index finally bottomed at the infamous number of 666 on March 6th, 2009.

Why pick on Neel? Not because it’s all his fault. But because we found a number of quotes from him over the years, talking about his experiences from that time in retrospect (and we credit him for his honesty) that seem to really capture the essence of why we believe the actions taken in 2008-2009 (and then again when we doubled down on them in 2020) have led to the society & culture we have today. Neel (and perhaps you would agree) might have looked at those actions as a “necessary evil” at the time – but we emphasize the “evil” nonetheless (even if the human perpetrators didn’t intend it that way) in a way that has only become more apparent over time.

Neel might have just been an innocent bystander or well-intentioned enabler at best (we won’t bother pondering over the worst) but when you look at the way American values & behaviors have changed over the 15+ years since #QE first began in 2008 (and for all the nominal “growth” in “value” the “markets” have experienced since SPX 666) you can’t help but notice a correlation. The Devil’s work? (or at least the Devil’s market?) We’ll let you decide.

“This is not the time to worry about moral hazard or whether people are incentivized not to work.”

“if our biggest complaint is that some workers and small businesses got help when they didn’t really need it, that would be a wonderful outcome for our country.”

“In 2008, there was great anger across the country because banks had taken risks and Main Street bore the consequences.”

“Americans were angry at the thought of their “irresponsible” neighbors getting a bailout.”

Neel Kashkari

https://www.minneapolisfed.org/article/2020/op-ed-what-the-2008-rescue-package-can-teach-us-about-todays-relief-bill

it’s very likely that we’d have to turn to the taxpayers to bail the banks out again, and I don’t think most Americans think that’s acceptable.

It’s in their financial interest and in their shareholders’ interest to grow as large as possible, and unfortunately, the risks are then borne by society.

Neel Kashkari

https://www.npr.org/2016/02/18/467112859/he-led-the-financial-bailout-but-says-banks-are-still-too-big-to-fail

“The shareholders got bailed out. The boards of directors got bailed out. Management got bailed out. So from their perspective, there was no crisis

Neel Kashkari

https://finance.yahoo.com/news/fed-apos-kashkari-wall-street-172000046.html

“I think the legacy of the financial crisis is the extreme polarization that we are experiencing every day.”

“we violated core American beliefs. We have beliefs in our country that have been passed down from generation to generation. A belief in free markets. If you take a risk you get the upside but you get the downside. That’s been with us for a couple of hundred years and we violated that in ’08. And when you violate the core beliefs of a society I think it leads to great anger.

Neel Kashkari

Whatever you think of Neel, again, it wasn’t all his fault. And we’re not trying to pin the blame on him. We’re not even trying to pin the blame on any human being who lives above ground here on Earth – though we might question the temples at which some of these enablers do their dirty work (and perhaps also their worship?)

Yes, we’re suggesting bigger (and darker) forces at work.

Some even made light of the situation:

“Yes, wouldn’t that be ironic? One hell of a terrible market bottoms at the sign of the Devil. Maybe the apocalypticists are right!”

Alan Brochstein, CFA

https://seekingalpha.com/article/124821-in-this-devil-of-a-market-could-666-be-the-bottom

While others take a more subtle swipe at some of the parties involved, while avoiding calling them out directly for their “evil” deeds:

“Gains since 666 have been driven in large part by the Fed’s forays into bonds.”

“Will we suffer a catastrophic return to the devil’s number? That depends on the exit from QE.”

@johnauthers

Hint: We never exited.

https://www.ft.com/content/3cb7838e-a547-11e3-8988-00144feab7de

We have a slightly less subtle view:

It’s been quite a run since the March 2009 low of $SPX 666.

Feel like you’ve been running with the bulls? 🐂

Or maybe with someone else? 😈

The “#value” of your portfolio might depend on your #values.

#runningwiththedevil #moralhazard #Fed #QE #ZIRP

Coincidence? We think not.

And for what it’s worth, the results are pretty clear:

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Can paradise be found in prudence?

Bloomberg: A Polynesian Paradise Sacrificed Its Economy to Stay Virus-Free

https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-05-26/polynesian-cook-islands-sacrificed-its-economy-to-end-coronavirus

We know the knee-jerk reactions…

  • The Right – That horrible government, treading on their people’s liberties, shutting down their economy like that…

  • The Left – That wonderful government, making the decision for their people because their people wouldn’t have known any better, regardless of economic impact…

We’ll take no particular position on the role of government in this particular case. We simply read this article to mean – the less debt you have, and the more savings you prudently accumulated while times were good, the more flexibility you’ll have to make a choice, either way. And isn’t choice what it’s really all about?

Choice, coconut drinks, and no central bank. Sounds like paradise to me.

With no central bank of its own, the policy options are limited. A relatively low debt-to-GDP ratio of 21% gives the country room to borrow, Brown says. The government is in talks with the Asian Development Bank and the New Zealand government to provide loans until border restrictions are relaxed and visitors can return.

During the recent run of good economic times, Puna’s government had the foresight to bank NZ$56.7 million in an emergency reserve fund to be used during downturns or to recover from cyclones. The funds helped pay for the stimulus measures.

Or to just cut right to the important parts…

“no central bank of its own”

“relatively low debt-to-GDP ratio”

“foresight to bank NZ$56.7 million in an emergency reserve fund”

To be fair, we do, of course, hope all the individual business owners (including ones like the Napa family and their Kiikii Inn & Suites) in the Cook islands had also been just as prudent with their savings.

“I thought the same thing as everybody else: What are we going to do?” says Napa, 59, recalling the moment he found out there would be no more guests arriving at the motel. “I was just gearing up for busy season.”

Thanks to Emmanuel Samoglou writing for Bloomberg BusinessWeek for chronicling this inadvertent case of prudence being the ticket to paradise – at least in relative terms?

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When even the Fed is warning on asset prices (or when the rules just keep on changin’)

Bloomberg Law: Fed Warns of Significant Hit to Asset Prices If Crisis Grows

https://news.bloomberglaw.com/banking-law/fed-warns-of-significant-hit-to-asset-prices-if-pandemic-grows

When even the Fed is warning of a “significant hit to asset prices”, is that a sign we should be worried? Or are they just warming us up for even more #QE? (in which case, you might want to re-think who should be doing the worrying…)

An excerpt from Bloomberg Law’s coverage of the Fed’s recent statement which, at face value, sounds awfully logical:

“Asset prices remain vulnerable to significant price declines should the pandemic take an unexpected course, the economic fallout prove more adverse, or financial system strains reemerge,” the Fed said in the report. It cited commercial real estate as being particularly susceptible to falling valuations because “prices were high relative to fundamentals before the pandemic,” and there have been severe disruptions in the hospitality and retail industries.

In the old days, “asset prices remain vulnerable to significant price declines” would mean #savers get rewarded (by waiting, prudently, to buy low and re-establish equilibrium in markets at more appropriate valuations) while #debtors take the hit – and perhaps deservedly so, because “prices were high relative to fundamentals before the pandemic”.

In the new (or at least recent) normal, “asset prices remain vulnerable to significant price declines” would simply be cover-speak for ::printing more money to ensure asset prices don’t decline:: which would mean #savers get duped (by waiting, apparently foolishly, for their savings to be devalued) while #debtors get rescued and rewarded for their irresponsible behavior of having driven up prices to be “high relative to fundamentals” in the first place.

What will the very latest version of “normal” turn out to be?

Can someone just tell us what the rules will be once and for all?

Or is it time to walk away and find another game to play altogether?

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Is it worth it to be careful when carelessness pays just as well?

It’s refreshing to know there are at least some companies that still see prudent financial & risk management practices (i.e. saving for rainy day) as relevant to their ability to operate as a going concern. Sounds almost quaint in this era of #Fed bailouts, #QE, and rampant #moralhazard.

We’ve added a few [COMMENTS] from an “Economoralist” perspective to the excerpts below from Nina Trentmann’s recent piece for the Wall Street Journal. Take them or leave them.

WSJ: Some Companies Began Preparing for a Downturn Before the Pandemic

https://www.wsj.com/articles/some-companies-began-preparing-for-a-downturn-before-the-pandemic-11588637143

“Finance chiefs were preparing for a downturn [GOOD IDEA!] long before the coronavirus roiled the global economy; however, few expected it to be as swift or severe. [OK, FAIR ENOUGH]

“After 11 years, we were expecting a slowdown or a recession,” [PROBABLY SMART?] said Max Brodén, chief financial officer of Aflac Inc., an insurance company.

More executives were being proactive in planning for a recession; [ALWAYS A GOOD IDEA] however, they weren’t as aggressive in tackling “the extreme downside that we are seeing now,” [OK, FAIR ENOUGH]

“We had seen an expansion that had gone on for more than 10 years,” said Linda Huber, the company’s chief financial officer. “Market conditions don’t go on forever.” [NOPE, THEY USUALLY DON’T]

“When the sun is shining, you plan and take advantage of that,” Ms. Huber said. [GOOD ADVICE!]

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The hazards of discussing moral hazard?

NY Times: How Bailout Backlash and Moral Hazard Outrage Could Endanger the Economy

https://www.nytimes.com/2020/05/04/upshot/bailout-backlash-moral-hazard.html

The excerpt below from a recent piece by Neil Irwin writing for the New York Times about sums up the “economics vs. values” equation we like to talk about on this blog (and perhaps also the popular political-partisan sentiments of the times we live in…)

“My conservative friends don’t think states and cities deserve help,” said Tony Fratto, who worked in the George W. Bush White House and is now a partner at Hamilton Place Strategies. “My progressive friends think certain businesses don’t deserve help. And my libertarian friends don’t want anyone to get help.”

The only viewpoint that’s missing here – is there anyone out there who just thinks everyone should get help? At least then we’d avoid that whole nasty #moralhazard problem… well, sorta (and then we can just let the “economists” figure out the rest?)

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When debt is always the solution, what is the final solution?

The quotes below speak for themselves – and will make you want to read the full story for one man’s relevant perspective; an engaging piece by Rana Foroohar for Financial Times, after “lunching” with investment strategist & research firm founder Kiril Sokoloff

Financial Times: Kiril Sokoloff: ‘There will have to be massive debt relief’

https://www.ft.com/content/b8639ab6-8936-11ea-9dcb-fe6871f4145a

“Recently, he has been trying to make the financial elite see the dangers of seeking to solve the problems of debt with more debt.”

Then as now, he says, “central bankers were pushing on a string”, trying in vain to whip up a real economic recovery with monetary policy.

“…a debt-phobic Midwestern child of immigrants who never understood why more people (not to mention companies) didn’t save for a rainy day.”

“…we collected money from a lot of poor devils and gave it over to the four winds.”

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Survival of the unfit?

There are enough jokes to go around on what businesses are considered “essential” in this age of coronavirus. In this case, sure, we can only think of one thing people are scrambling to get their hands on more than sanitizer or chicken – and that’s a boarding pass for their next Carinival cruise…

At least we know the Fed has our back.

WSJ: How Fed Intervention Saved Carnival

https://www.wsj.com/articles/how-fed-intervention-saved-carnival-11587920400

“The previously unreported tale of Carnival’s rescue shows how effective the Fed has been in turning the debt spigot back on for large corporations. Carnival may still founder if tourists shun cruises over the long term, and its new debt carries a far heftier price tag than previous offerings. But the immediate survival of the company, which employs about 150,000 people, is no longer in question.”

“Elliott’s owner, Paul Singer, and others have warned that this success story comes at a cost. The Fed could be setting the U.S. economy up for a harder fall down the road, they contend, by flooding markets with cash and spurring investors to prop up firms that may not be fit to survive.”

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Would you bother to play if you knew the game was rigged?

To be fair, we don’t know what the balance sheet of mom & pop Quality Electric Co. in Birmingham, Alabama might have looked like in this particular case either – but we’re guessing it couldn’t have been any worse than, say, what was about to happen to Millennium Management and ExodusPoint Capital Management. Unfortunately, in this “race to the bottom, er, bailout” we’ll probably never know for sure how the “little guys” might have fared against the “big guys” head to head, because according to BNN Bloomberg someone stepped in to pick the winners and losers before anyone even had a chance to get to the finish line…

BNN Bloomberg: Resentment grows on Main Street over bailout winners and losers

https://www.bnnbloomberg.ca/resentment-grows-on-main-street-over-bailout-winners-and-losers-1.1426347

“…waiting for approval of her US$40,000 small-business loan last week when the government’s first-come-first-served lending program ran out of cash.

“Smaller companies like us are probably just going to be washed under the rug”

Meanwhile….

“Some billion-dollar hedge funds, too, have benefited from quick Fed action. A number of them, including Millennium Management and ExodusPoint Capital Management…”

“The basis trade was in a position to tank… The Fed responded, limiting losses. Both Millennium and ExodusPoint declined to comment.”

So…

“…if one of the lessons of 2008 is to help Main Street as well as Wall Street, the lesson seems to be only partly learned. Americans live in two separate and unequal worlds, and the bailouts reflect this.”

“I really have no faith,” Shultz said. “I have no faith in the system. In this government. In this leadership.”

Well…

Not much new here, really. We wrote about a similar game two years ago… in case this one sounds familiar.

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Is everything feeling “just peachy” to you?

MarketWatch: Opinion: Wall Street wants you to believe everything is peachy

https://www.marketwatch.com/story/wall-street-wants-you-to-believe-everything-is-peachy-2020-04-14

“What happened to prudence for investors in the stock market?”

“The most important point is that the stock market is now back to about the same level where it was in October 2019. Since then, the coronavirus has caused many deaths, many jobs lost, a lot of trauma and massive economic dislocation. A conclusion that can be drawn is that the stock market believes that none of that matters, otherwise it would not have reached back to the pre-liquidity injection level.”

“It is career suicide for a Wall Street analyst to stay bearish if the market continues to go up. On the other hand, if the market goes down and the stock market analysts are bullish, it is not their fault — they just couldn’t foresee the coronavirus’ effects.”

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A gut-check on values with Chris Cuomo.

A silver lining of being stricken with COVID-19, it seems, is an opportunity to take a step back and re-evaluate those “bigger questions” – you know, the ones whose answers we tend to take for granted. Whatever your politics (or whatever your opinion of Chris Cuomo’s) the man brings up some of our favorite points below – whether he intended to or not.

While the recent actions of the Fed might force him to re-think that last part about his “saved money”, all other things being equal (if only), we couldn’t agree with him more.

Of course, it all comes down to values.

Cuomo for next Fed chair? Or Treasury secretary, maybe?

NY Post: Coronavirus-stricken Chris Cuomo trashes CNN gig during radio show meltdown

https://nypost.com/2020/04/13/chris-cuomo-trashes-cnn-gig-during-covid-19-meltdown/

“I don’t want to spend my time doing things that I don’t think are valuable enough to me personally,” Cuomo said. “I don’t value indulging irrationality, hyper-partisanship.”

“I’m basically being perceived as successful in a system that I don’t value,” he continued. “I’m seen as being good at being on TV and advocating for different positions … but I don’t know if I value those things, certainly not as much as I value being able to live my life on my own terms.”

“That matters to me more than making millions of dollars a year … because I’ve saved my money and I don’t need it anymore,” he said.

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